chapter 4 essay responses

1 Anglicization is a process where the practices of the colonies were becoming more like the practices of England. The houses, role of women, and education were becoming more like the English. Between 1720 and 1750 wealth settlers were building mansions and big houses like Mount Vernon. The houses were more stylish, fancy, and big like the houses in England. The Role of women before the 1700's was very minor. Since after the 1700's the women did most of the household work such as spinning wheel and weaving. These kinds of jobs in other colonies was a Male's job. Also the Europeans concept of punishing women for their improper sexual behavior but tolerating the males infractions. Like the English, the colonies created their own newspapers which reportd local news. In order to be more like its homeland the importation of British goods increased greatly.

2. the Settlement of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania were founded for religious freedom. When the colonies were first being settled a Series of religious were going on in Europe. To avoid these prosecutions and war many moved to the American colonies where there was freedom of religion. As soon as a new religious group arrived a new society or colony was formed. Religion played a big role in the North American Colonies especially for the Quakers in Pennsylvania. They believed every incident in their was a sign from god. With the invention of the printing press these religious ideas and new ideas of the enlightenment were being spread. These new ideas attracted many people to come to the American colonies which increased its population. The new Enlightenment ideas of religion led to more interest of education. During the 1700 education and knowledge became very important. Many colleges were built during this time like Harvard and Yale. While Harvard for theses new religious ideas, Yale was against.

3. Enlightenment was a period of time where philosopher such as John Locke, Adam Smith, and Thomas Hobbes. During this time period new ideas of different form of government and ideas of how religion, life and law should be seen. With the increase in newspaper publishing more ideas of the enlightenment were being spread. For example, Ben Franklin was influenced by the enlightened ideas that were being spread by the newspapers and started to create his own ideas on society. As a result of enlightenment ideas America had its own Enlightenment, which disliked doctrines, conversion experiences, superstitions. Enlightenment ideas also increased the number of doctor and lawyers and in the colonies. Lawyers such as Benjamin Gridley a Harvard student wrote Enlightened essays in the newspapers and created a society , the sodalitas, where students discussed philosophical questions about society and government. Doctors such as William Shippen gave lectures about human body and chemistry which are enlightenment ideas.

4. The form of government also started to become more like Britain during the 18th century. The concept of an assembly and Governor was introduced. Like there was the Parliament in England the assembly was the colonies Parliament. The assembly was the lower house of a bicameral legislature. It passed most of the major bills. The concept of a governor became successful later on. unlike in Britain patronage was not the way to win the votes of the people it was through persuasion and appreciation. Virginia and South Carolina developed a developed a system called the politics of harmony. While there were no faction in the southern colonies there were many political faction in the northern colonies. Both the North and the South believed in the concept that power leads to corruption. However, in the South this ideology lead to it political success while in the North the different minorities were struggling to defeat the governor and get control of the assembly.

Chapter 2 Question 1

1. The first settlement was Jamestown. At first it was a disaster but later it became successful. The colony began to rise after the creation of the House of Burgesses and the English Common law. In the end Jamestown was a royal colony which was divided in Counties with justices of peace. Its source of economy was tobacco and indentured servants. Maryland, a southern colony grew to be very similar to Virginia even though it started out different. Maryland originally a refuge for persecuted English and Irish people. There was a manorial system and a feudal tribunal. This sort of system failed so, a bicameral legislation was formed with county courts similar to Virgina the only difference is that Virgina was Anglican while Maryland had no established Church. New England colonies structure was similar to that of Old England. Like Old England the colonies had a mixed economy. The colonies raised Livestock, grains and corn and the colonies had artisan specialized in crafts carpentry, shipbuilding. In the colony of New York the form of government was completely different then the other colony. The governor, Duke of York, tried govern without an elective Assembly, sort of like an absolute monarchy. this type of government did not work and Duke of york was forced to created an assembly. Basically, the colonies were similar in there form of government but were different in form of religion and economy.

Chapter 1 question 4

4. Slavery in Africa was never as brutal as slavery in the Americas. Slavery was part of the African culture long before europeans came. Slavery was regconized by the African law and created certain for slave. Slaves in Africa were usually captives from a battle between different communities. In Africa there is a low population density so slaves were used to develop the land. Slavery in Africa had no racial aspect its only purpose was service. There was three stages of enslavement. In the beginning slaves worked under supervision. In the second stage they became allotment slaves, which ment that they only worked 5-6 days on the masters land and then for the rest of the day they worked on their own plots. In the third stage the slaves worked on their land in exchange for food. In Africa, slavery was just a form of work of servitude there was harsh treatment towards slave like in the americas. As the expansion of the new world increased the communites and states being formed lacked one main resource, which was a work force and slavery was the answer to this resource. At first, the Europeans enslaved the native american but soon the natives were dieing of dieases. So, the importation of slaves from Africa began. The Portuguese established small posts along the coast. From there, the traders would buy slaves from local ruler and send overseas to the New World.

Utopian Promise responses

1.The Puritans were a very religious group of people. Their way of life, their rules, and anything and everything that they do, the Puritans link to god. The Puritans believe that they were doing the work of god and if they lived a selfless and godly life then god would forgive them for their sins. As said in the New England Primer, 1691" Thy life to mend, this book to attend" the Puritans believe in order to fix their life of sins you must follow the bible. As listed by document 1 the Puritans basic rules for life is to not say bad, not to do bad, and not to hear bad.


2.According to these quotation the puritans believe that women and children should not have free will. In document 3 John Robinson says, "children's wills and willfulness be restrained and repressed." The Puritans seem to believe that children should be in the parents control and should as told and never question. John Robinson says that it is the parents duty to make sure from the beginning that their children don't develop a mind of their own. The puritan's view of women is that god gave man absolute power over their female.


3. the Puritans saw every clue to be the Christ's return. Every event that in their lives they related to passages in the Old testament. As said in the video, when crossing the Atlantic ocean the puritains thoughts of it as crossing the red. When they suffered they thought of it as trials of Joe. When celabrating the winning of a battle they thought of Daniel survivng the lions den. they saw the bible as a book of clues to future event. they believed it was their job to bible and prepare for christ's return. The Puritans thought that they would become the choosen people for following the bible.

4. puritanism is a repressive, intolerant moral and religious code. they have a standard set of rules and are intolerant when broken. For all most every crime the sentence is the stocks. The puritans use fear and humility to control people. When coming from england John Winthrop used fear to make the people on board to follow his way. Puritanism doesn't encorage , it represses change and new ideas. That is why they wanted to change the Native Americans and made sure new generations will not change their way of life. They believed that the Puritan way was the only way to live life.